When measuring ROI for certification/training programmes in digital-transformation settings, I found the most effective metrics include pre/post assessments of key skills, behaviour-change checkpoints at 30- to 90-day intervals, and business KPIs (e.g., faster time-to-market, fewer defects, lower audit findings). For the training itself (for example via professional training and certifications offered at Advised Skills), I ensured translation into changed behaviour by embedding applied work-assignments, peer coaching post-course, and regular governance reviews. These steps tied learning outcomes to real team actions rather than just exam results.